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PHP Cheat Sheet

PHP Cheat Sheet

PHP syntax, associative arrays, superglobals, and object-oriented features for server-side web development and dynamic scripting.

2 PagesBeginnerMar 22, 2026

Basic Syntax

Variables, control flow, and output.

php
<?php$age = 30;$name = "Ada";$pi = 3.14159;if ($age >= 18) {    echo "$name is an adult\n";}for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {    echo "Count: $i\n";}?>

Arrays

Indexed and associative arrays.

php
<?php$nums = [5, 3, 1, 4, 2];sort($nums);                      // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]$ages = ["Alice" => 30, "Bob" => 25];  // associative array$ages["Carol"] = 28;echo $ages["Alice"];              // 30$doubled = array_map(fn($n) => $n * 2, $nums);$evens = array_filter($nums, fn($n) => $n % 2 === 0);?>

Object-Oriented PHP

Classes, constructors, and visibility.

php
<?phpclass Person {    public string $name;    private int $age;    public function __construct(string $name, int $age) {        $this->name = $name;        $this->age = $age;    }    public function greet(): string {        return "Hello, {$this->name}";    }}$p = new Person("Ada", 30);echo $p->greet();?>

Superglobals

Built-in arrays always available in scope.

  • $_GET- associative array of URL query string parameters
  • $_POST- associative array of form data sent via POST
  • $_SESSION- persists data across requests for a logged-in user
  • $_SERVER- server and execution environment information (e.g. REQUEST_METHOD)
  • $_ENV- environment variables available to the script
  • $_FILES- info about files uploaded via HTTP POST
Pro Tip

Always use prepared statements (PDO with bound parameters) instead of concatenating user input into SQL strings, to prevent SQL injection.

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