Contracts

Data Contracts

How WCF uses [DataContract] and [DataMember] to define the exact wire shape of types exchanged between services and clients.

Operation Contracts

How [OperationContract] defines individual callable methods on a WCF service, including one-way calls, faults, and async patterns.

Service Contracts

How the ServiceContract and OperationContract attributes define the public interface of a WCF service, and the rules that govern them.

Auditing Smart Contracts

What a smart contract audit is and is not: the common vulnerability classes auditors hunt, the static, symbolic, and fuzzing tools that assist them, and why ma…

Interfaces and Abstract Contracts

Interfaces declare pure behavior for interoperability, while abstract contracts provide partial, shareable implementation — together they let you program to a…

Solidity vs Rust for Smart Contracts

Compares Solidity (the dominant EVM language) with Rust (used on Solana, NEAR, and via ink! on Polkadot) across performance, safety, tooling, and ecosystem so…

Testing Contracts with Hardhat

Learn how to write reliable automated tests for Solidity contracts using Hardhat's Mocha, Chai, and ethers.js stack, including fixtures, coverage, and gas repo…

Upgradeable Contracts and Proxies

How proxy patterns let you change contract logic after deployment using delegatecall, the difference between Transparent and UUPS proxies, and the storage-layo…