Middleware

Dependency Injection

Dependency injection is a design pattern in which an object's dependencies are provided to it from the outside, typically by a framework or container, rather t…

Inversion of Control

Inversion of control (IoC) is a design principle in which the flow of control in a program is handed over to a framework or external system, rather than the ap…

Middleware

Middleware is software that sits between an incoming request and the final application logic, intercepting and processing requests (or responses) to handle cro…

Edge Functions

Edge Functions are small pieces of server-side code deployed to a distributed network of edge locations close to users, executing with lower latency than funct…

Middleware (web)

In web development, middleware is code that runs between an incoming request and the final route handler, commonly used for tasks like authentication, logging,…

Decorator Pattern

The Decorator pattern is a structural design pattern that attaches additional responsibilities to an object dynamically by wrapping it in one or more decorator…

Chain of Responsibility Pattern

The Chain of Responsibility Pattern is a behavioral design pattern that passes a request along a chain of handler objects, each of which decides either to proc…

Koa.js

Koa.js is a minimalist Node.js web framework created by the original Express team that uses async functions and a middleware cascade (via the 'onion model') to…

The Middleware Pipeline

How ASP.NET Core processes every HTTP request through an ordered chain of middleware components.

Middleware in Socket.IO

Learn how Socket.IO middleware intercepts connections and packets, enabling authentication, logging, and rate limiting before your event handlers ever run.

Flask Middleware and Hooks

Using before_request, after_request, teardown hooks, and WSGI middleware to run shared logic like timing, headers, cleanup, and proxy handling around every req…

Django Middleware

Understand how Django middleware intercepts every request and response to implement cross-cutting concerns like authentication, security headers, and logging.

Middleware in Next.js

Learn how middleware.ts intercepts requests on the Edge Runtime before they reach a route, and how to use it for redirects, rewrites, and authentication checks.

Middleware in Express

Master the Express middleware chain, the next() function, and the special error-handling middleware signature.

Express.js Cheat Sheet

Covers building routes, applying middleware, handling errors in async handlers, and key Express request/response methods.

What is the Chain of Responsibility Pattern?

The Chain of Responsibility pattern passes a request along a chain of handler objects until one of them decides to process it, decoupling the sender of a reque…

What Is a Distributed Operating System?

A distributed operating system manages a collection of independent, networked computers and presents them to users and applications as a single coherent system…