Opening

File Handling in Fortran

Opening, reading, writing, and closing files in Fortran using OPEN/CLOSE, unit numbers, and formatted, list-directed, and unformatted access modes.

File I/O in Tcl

Reading, writing, and managing files and channels in Tcl using open, read, gets, puts, and the channel configuration commands.

File I/O in Perl

Learn how to open, read, write, and safely close files in Perl using lexical filehandles, three-argument open, and proper error checking.

Opening and Closing Connections

How a WebSocket connection is established through the HTTP upgrade handshake and gracefully terminated using the closing handshake.

C File I/O Cheat Sheet

Covers reading and writing text and binary files in C using fopen, fread and fwrite, formatted I/O, and file positioning functions.