Structural Typing

What is Duck Typing in Object-Oriented Programming?

Duck typing is a dynamic-typing style where an object’s suitability for an operation is determined by whether it has the methods and properties required at the…

Protocols vs Interfaces

Protocols and interfaces both define a contract of requirements a type must satisfy, but a protocol (as in Swift or Python) can typically be adopted by value t…

Structural Typing vs Nominal Typing

Structural typing determines type compatibility by comparing the actual shape of a type — its methods and properties — while nominal typing determines compatib…

What is Nominal Typing?

Nominal typing is a type-compatibility rule where two types are considered compatible only if one explicitly declares itself to be, or to extend/implement, the…

What is Structural Typing?

Structural typing is a type-compatibility rule where two types are considered compatible if they expose the same shape — the same members with compatible signa…