Web RTC

WebSockets vs WebRTC

A practical comparison of WebSockets and WebRTC, covering their transport models, connection setup, and when to reach for each in a real-time application.

What is NAT Traversal?

NAT traversal refers to the set of techniques that let two devices establish a direct peer-to-peer connection even though one or both sit behind a NAT (Network…

What is WebRTC and How Does its Networking Work?

WebRTC is a set of browser and mobile APIs and protocols that enable real-time, peer-to-peer audio, video, and data communication directly between clients, usi…

How Would You Design Zoom?

Design Zoom around a Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) media server model: each participant sends one encoded video/audio stream up to a nearby SFU, and the SFU…

How Do You Design a Live Streaming Service?

A live streaming service ingests a broadcaster’s video via a low-latency protocol (RTMP or WebRTC), transcodes it into multiple bitrates in near real time, pac…